The Ancient Gods have returned!
A ritual is a religious service or other ceremony which involves a series of actions performed in a fixed order.
A ritual is a way of behaving or a series of actions that people regularly carry out in a particular situation, because it is their custom to do so.
The Characteristics
Formalism - Ritual utilizes a limited and rigidly organized set of expression
Traditionalism - repeating historical precedence
Invariance implying careful choreography. This is less an appeal to traditionalism than a striving for timeless repetition. The key to invariance is bodily discipline, as in monastic prayer and meditation meant to mold dispositions and moods.
Rule Governance - Rules impose norms on the chaos of behavior, either defining the outer limits of what is acceptable or choreographing each move. Individuals are held to communally approved customs that evoke a legitimate communal authority that can constrain the possible outcomes
Sacral Symbolism - either expressed through totem, reliefs, idols
Performance- The performance of ritual creates a theatrical-like frame around the activities, symbols and events that shape participant's experience and cognitive ordering of the world,
Types
Right of Passage
Calendar of commemorative rites
Rites of Exchange and communion- forms of sacrifice and offering meant to praise, please or placate divine powers.
Rites of Affliction - exorcism seeking to purge illness or bad spirits
Rites of feasting, fasting and festival.
why
Spiritual practice, and growth
Sense of unity Social Solidarity
Social control
Rebellion
Ivory is a
hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally elephants') and teeth of
animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of
teeth and tusks. The chemical structure of the teeth and tusks of mammals is
the same, regardless of the species of origin. The trade in certain teeth and
tusks other than elephant is well established and widespread; therefore,
"ivory" can correctly be used to describe any mammalian teeth or
tusks of commercial interest which are large enough to be carved or scrimshawed.
Ivory has
been valued since ancient times in art or manufacturing for making a range of
items from ivory carvings to false teeth, piano keys, fans, and dominoes. Elephant ivory is the most important source,
but ivory from mammoth, walrus, hippopotamus, sperm whale, killer whale,
narwhal and warthog are used as well. Elk also have two ivory teeth, which are
believed to be the remnants of tusks from their ancestors.
Roman writer
in the 3rd century claimed that the Celtic peoples in Ireland would decorate
their sword-hilts with the 'teeth of beasts that swim in the sea'. Adomnan of
Iona wrote a story about St Columba giving a sword decorated with carved ivory
as a gift that a penitent would bring to his master so he could redeem himself
from slavery.
he Chinese
have long valued ivory for both art and utilitarian objects. Southeast Asian kingdoms included tusks of the
Indian elephant in their annual tribute caravans to China. Chinese craftsmen
carved ivory to make everything from images of deities to the pipe stems and
end pieces of opium pipes.
The Buddhist
cultures of Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia,
traditionally harvested ivory from their domesticated elephants. Ivory was
prized for containers due to its ability to keep an airtight seal. It was also
commonly carved into elaborate seals utilized by officials to "sign"
documents and decrees by stamping them with their unique official seal
Ivory A
symbol of incorruptibility purity rank and protection.
The
symbolism of aloofness example the ivory top tower probably derives from the
high status of ivory at almost all ancient cultures. Elephant or walrus ivory
was credited with healing powers of East. It's Christian Association with
purity and in particular with the Virgin Mary are linked to its whiteness.
Ivory is
linked to trade in many areas of the world
In the
ancient Kingdom of Benin the artist were
world renown for the skill and craft with ivory.
In Greek myth
Ivory represented the idea of false dreams, or fancies that would not come
true. Versus the gate of horn which was
truth.
Socrates:
"Listen then," I said, "to my dream, to see whether it comes
through horn or through ivory."
(c. AD 400)
epic poet Nonnus:
As Morpheus
slept, the vision of a dream cajoled him,
beguiling
his mind after flitting through the gates of ivory.
Virgil’s the
Aenid.
Two gates
the silent house of Sleep adorn;
Of polish'd
ivory this, that of transparent horn:
True visions
thro' transparent horn arise;
Thro'
polish'd ivory pass deluding lies.
Of various
things discoursing as he pass'd,
Anchises
hither bends his steps at last.
Then, thro'
the gate of iv'ry, he dismiss'd
His valiant
offspring and divining guest.
Habsburg Monarchy (German: Habsburgermonarchie) or Habsburg
Empire is an umbrella term coined by historians to denote the numerous lands
and kingdoms of the Habsburg dynasty, especially for those of the Austrian
line. Although from 1438 to 1806 (with the exception of 1742 to 1745), a member
of the House of Habsburg was also Holy Roman Emperor, the Holy Roman Empire
itself, over which the emperor exercised only very limited authority, was not
considered to be part of the Habsburg Monarchy.
Eswatini,
officially the Kingdom of Eswatini, and also known as Swaziland, is a
landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is bordered by Mozambique to its
northeast and South Africa to its north, west and south. At no more than 200
kilometres (120 miles) north to south and 130 kilometres (81 miles) east to
west, Eswatini is one of the smallest countries in Africa; despite this, its
climate and topography are diverse, ranging from a cool and mountainous
highveld to a hot and dry lowveld.
The population is primarily ethnic Swazis. The language is
Swazi (siSwati in native form). The Swazis established their kingdom in the
mid-18th century under the leadership of Ngwane the 3rd. The country and the Swazi take their names
from Mswati the 2nd, the 19th-century king under whose rule Swazi territory was
expanded and unified; the present boundaries were drawn up in 1881 in the midst
of the Scramble for Africa. After the Second Boer War, the kingdom, under the
name of Swaziland, was a British protectorate from 1903 until it regained its
independence on 6 September 1968. In April 2018 the official name was changed
from Kingdom of Swaziland to Kingdom of Eswatini, mirroring the name commonly
used in Swazi.
The government is an absolute diarchy, ruled jointly by
Ngwenyama ("King") Mswati III and Ndlovukati ("Queen
Mother") Ntfombi Tfwala since 1986. The former is the administrative head
of state and appoints the country's prime ministers and a number of
representatives of both chambers (the Senate and House of Assembly) in the
country's parliament, while the latter is the national head of state, serving
as keeper of the ritual fetishes of the nation and presiding during the annual
Umhlanga rite. Elections are held every five years to determine the House of
Assembly and the Senate majority. The current constitution was adopted in 2005.
Umhlanga, held in August/September, and incwala, the kingship dance held in
December/January, are the nation's most important events.
Eswatini is a developing country with a small economy.
With a GDP per capita of $9,714, it is classified as a country with a
lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local
trading partner is South Africa; in order to ensure economic stability,
Eswatini's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand.
Eswatini's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the
European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its
agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Eswatini is a member of the Southern
African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of
Nations and the United Nations.
The Swazi population faces major health issues. It is
estimated that 26% of the adult population is HIV-positive. As of 2018,
Eswatini has the 12th lowest life expectancy in the world, at 58 years. The
population of Eswatini is fairly young, with a median age of 20.5 years and
people aged 14 years or younger constituting 37.5% of the country's total
population. The present population growth rate is 1.2%.
Aerokinesis,
explained.
Aerokinesis
is the psychic ability to manipulate, control, alter or create air molecules,
wind currents, and control air with the mind. The specific region of the brain
where this ability resides has not been successfully mapped.
Observations
of practitioners of Aerokinesis have shown the ability to control and amplify
ambient air currents.
The user can
create, shape and manipulate air, the common name given to the layer of
atmospheric gases and various compounds (mostly oxygen and nitrogen)
surrounding the planet Earth that is retained by Earth's gravity, and possibly
wind, movement of air relative to the surface of the planet. It is an important
factor in determining and controlling climate and weather, and the generating
force of most ocean and freshwater waves. Wind occurs because of horizontal and
vertical differences in atmospheric pressure, and include breezes, squalls,
gusts, whirlwinds, zephyrs, gales, tempests, and hurricanes.
Aerokinesis
is the elemental ability to create, control and manipulate the air and wind in
a variety of offensive or
In Mythology
This ability
is attributed to deities associated with the weather or wind.
Shu of
Kemetic Egyptian Beliefs
Aeolus,
Poseidon and Zeus of Greek Mythology
Thor of
Norse mythology.
the nature of a scientific theory
in order to talk about the nature of the
universe and to discuss such questions as whether it has a beginning or an end
you have to be clear about what a scientific
theory is
we shall take the simple minded view that a
theory is just a model of the universe or a restricted part of it and a set of
rules that relate quantities in the model
to observations that we make it
exists only in our minds and does not have any
other reality whatever that might mean
a theory is a good theory if it satisfies two
requirements
it must
accurately describe a large class of observations on the basis of a model that
contains only a few arbitrary elements
and it must make definite predictions about
their results of future observations
for example Aristotle believed empedocles's
theory that everything was made out of four elements earth air fire and water
this was simple enough but did not make any
definite predictions
on the other hand Newton's theory of gravity
was based on an even simpler model in which bodies attracted each other with a
force that was proportional to a quantity called their mass and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them
yet it predicts the motions of the sun the
moon and the planets to a high degree of accuracy
any physical theory is always provisional in
the sense that it is only a hypothesis you can never prove it no matter how
many times the results of experiments agree with some theory you can never be
sure that the next time a result will not contradict the theory
on the other hand you can disprove the theory
by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the
theory
a good
theory is characterized by the fact that it makes a number of predictions that
could in principle be disproved or falsified by observation
each time new experiments are observed to
agree with the predictions the theory survives and our confidence in it is
increased
but if ever a new observation is found to
disagree we have to abandon or modify the theory at least that is what is
supposed to happen but you can always question the competence of the person who
carried out the observation in practice what often happens is that a new theory
is devised that is really an extension of the previous theory for example very
accurate observations of the planet Mercury revealed a small difference between
its motion and the predictions of Newton's theory of gravity Einstein's general
theory of relativity predicted a slightly different motion than Newton's theory
did the fact that Einstein's predictions matched what was seen while Newton's
did not was one of the crucial confirmations of the new theory however we still
use Newton's theory for most practical purposes because the difference between
its predictions and those of general relativity is very small in the situations
that we normally deal with Newton's theory also has the great advantage that it
is much simpler to work with than Einstein's the eventual goal of science is to
provide a single theory that describes the whole universe
Was it that
I just didn't like this process was it not fast enough what was the deal with
this particular segment that I decided to not go with